![]() ![]() During the reign of Ghulam Muhammad Khan, the eighth Khan of Hangu, his control extended from the borders of Waziristan in the south to Mattani in the Peshawar district in the northeast.Īfter the British came to the North-west Frontier for occupation, they faced strong resistance from the local Pashtun population. ![]() ![]() Their control gradually extended up until a point in time. all in one.Ībsolute authority was exercised by the Chiefs. The Khan had the role of King, Commander in Chief of the Army, Jirga Leader etc. Nowadays nearly all Pashtuns, and some other groups of people use the term indifferently. His family members were individually referred to as Khan as well whereas the whole family would be named 'Khankhel' (Clan of the khan). This rule would go on for centuries.Īfter Mardu Khan, the title passed to his son, Khan Muhammad Khan, and a dynasty came into beingĪlthough the name 'Khan' is synonymous with Pashtun people, in the tribal system only the tribal chief was given the title of Khan, meaning 'King' in Turkic languages. Darveza himself was one of the casualties and lost his life, while Mardu Khan returned victorious and established rule once again. ![]() A counterattack was launched and resulted in a decisive victory for Mardu Khan. Along with his Miranzai kinsmen, his newly reinforced army could have possibly included tribals of the surrounding area. The Mishti and Rabiakhel Orakzais at Kasha were close allies of the Khan.ĭuring his brief stay at Kasha, Mardu Khan had gathered a huge number of troops. Being heavily out numbered, Mardu Khan retreated to the Miranzai stronghold of Kasha, a strategic location in Hangu's Samana mountain range. As today, although the Orakzai still inhabit some parts of Hangu district and are even allied to the Bangash, the Khattaks are not present and are instead settled in neighbouring Karak.Īfter Mardu Khan was declared Khan, during his reign, Hangu was attacked by a detachment of troops led by Darveza Niazi. However, the Khattaks were also driven out some time later. An incident is noted that while the tribes were engaged in fierce battle, a youth arrived at the scene and declared "Dai" (meaning "It is") three times and went on to say "Sam the Bangasho, Ghra the Orakzo" which translates from Pushto as "It is, it is, it is, The valley plains for the Bangash and the hills for the Orakzai".Īn alliance is also documented between the Bangash and the Khattak in driving the rival tribes from the valley. One of the opposing tribes was the Orakzai. However several sources claim that Bangash migrants settled in the valley in the 1500s, came into conflict with the local tribes and a series of battles were fought. The history of the family before Mardu Khan is not well documented. ![]()
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